Coherency Cube

The Coherence Cube quantifies the measurement of local waveform similarity within a “global” aperture defined in space and time, utilizing dip and azimuth calculations. The process provides accurate maps of the spatial change in the seismic waveform that can readily be related to geologic features and depositional environments. Faults and fracture systems can now be spatially imaged and directly mapped from the Coherence Cube without the tedious and extremely subjective method of interpreting faults on selected vertical sections, then connecting the interpreted segments to give a complete fault picture. Depositional systems can be more readily understood as the process highlights such depositional features as channels, onlap, turbidite sequences, etc. The quality of the Coherence Cube result depends upon selection of optimum processing parameters specifying dip constraints, temporal and spatial aperture and processing algorithms. In addition to the coherence attributes derived by Eigen and Semblance processing several multi-trace attributes may be derived via the Hilbert transform. These attributes (frequency, phase amplitude and dip attributes) can often help in understanding the geologic causes for the coherence variations.